History of the 1948 Olympic Games in London

History of the 1948 Olympic Games in London Since the Olympic Games had not been held in either 1940 or 1944 because of World War II, there was much debate as to whether or not to hold the 1948 Olympic Games at all. Ultimately, the 1948 Olympic Games (also known as the XIV Olympiad) were held, with a few post-war modifications, from July 28 to August 14, 1948. These Austerity Games turned out to be very popular and a great success.   Fast Facts Official Who Opened the Games:  British King George VIPerson Who Lit the Olympic Flame:  British runner  John MarkNumber of Athletes:  4,104 (390 women, 3,714 men)Number of Countries:  59 countriesNumber of Events:  136 Post-War Modifications When it was announced that  the Olympic Games would be resumed, many debated whether it was wise to have a festival when many European countries were in ruins and the people near starvation. To limit the United Kingdoms responsibility to feed all the athletes, it was agreed that the participants would bring their own food. Surplus food was donated to British hospitals. No new facilities were built for these Games, but the Wembley Stadium had survived the war and proved adequate. No Olympic Village was erected; the male athletes were housed at an army camp in Uxbridge and the women housed at Southlands College in dormitories. Missing Countries Germany and Japan, the aggressors of World War II, were not invited to participate. The Soviet Union, although invited, also did not attend. Two New Items The 1948 Olympics saw the introduction of blocks, which are used to help start runners in sprint races. Also new was the very first, Olympic, indoor pool Empire Pool. Amazing Stories Badmouthed because of her older age (she was 30) and because she was a mother (of two young children), Dutch sprinter Fanny Blankers-Koen was determined to win a gold medal. She had participated in the 1936 Olympics, but the cancellation of the 1940 and 1944 Olympics meant that she had to wait 12 more years to get another shot at winning.  Blankers-Koen, often called the Flying Housewife or the Flying Dutchman, showed them all when she took home  four  gold medals, the first woman to do so. On the other side of the age-spectrum was 17-year-old Bob Mathias. When his high school coach had suggested he try out for the Olympics in the decathlon, Mathias didnt even know what that event was. Four months after starting training for it, Mathias won gold at the 1948 Olympics, becoming the youngest person to win a mens athletics event. (As of 2015, Mathias still holds that title.) One Major Snafu There was one major snafu at the Games. Though the United States had won the 400-meter relay by a full 18 feet, a judge ruled that one of the U.S. team members had passed the baton outside of the passing zone. Thus, the U.S. team was disqualified. The medals were handed out, the national anthems were played. The United States officially protested the ruling and after careful review of the films and photographs taken of the baton pass, the judges decided that the pass had been completely legal; thus the United States team was the real winner. The British team had to give up their gold medals and received silver medals (which had been given up by the Italian team). The Italian team then received the bronze medals which had been given up by the Hungarian team.

Profile of Richard Speck, Serial Killer

Profile of Richard Speck, Serial Killer The words Born to Raise Hell were tattooed on the arm of the tall, pocked-faced man with a southern drawl who entered a nursing students dormitory on a warm July night in 1966. Once inside he committed a series of crimes that shocked America and sent Chicago authorities on a massive manhunt for a madman who they soon identified as Richard Speck. This is a profile of the man, his life, and his crimes, both during his life and after his death. Childhood Years Speck was born December 6, 1941, in Kirkwood, Illinois. When he was six, his father died. His mother remarried, and the family moved to Dallas, TX. Before marrying her new husband, she raised the family under strict religious rules including the abstinence of alcohol. After her marriage, her attitude changed. Her new husband had violent drunken episodes, often making young Richard the victim of his abuse. Speck grew up to become a poor student and juvenile delinquent prone to violent behavior. Spousal Rape and Abuse At age 20, Speck married 15-year-old Shirley Malone and fathered a child. Specks violent nature extended into the marriage and he regularly abused his wife and her mother. The abuse included spousal rape at knifepoint, often several times a day. He worked as a part-time garbage man and petty thief but his criminal activity escalated, and in 1965 he held a woman at knifepoint and attempted to rob her. He was caught and sentenced to jail for 15 months. By 1966 his marriage was over. A Walking Time Bomb After prison Speck moved to his sisters home in Chicago to avoid being questioned by authorities for various crimes in which he was suspected of being involved. He tried to find work as a merchant seaman but spent most of his time hanging in bars drinking and bragging about past crimes. He moved in and out of sisters home, opting to rent rooms in sleazy hotels when possible. Speck, tall and unattractive, was a drug addict, alcoholic, and jobless, with a violent streak waiting to be unleashed. Speck Meets the Chicago Police Department On April 13, 1966, Mary Kay Pierce was found dead behind the bar where she worked. Speck was questioned by police about the murder but feigned illness, on promising to return to answer questions on April 19. When he didnt show, the police went to the Christy Hotel where he was living. Speck was gone, but police searched his room and found items from local burglaries including jewelry belonging to 65-year-old Mrs. Virgil Harris, who had been held at knifepoint, robbed, and raped that same month.​ On the Run Speck, on the run, tried to get work on a barge and was registered at the National Maritime Union Hall. Directly across the street from the union hall was student housing for nursing students working at the South Chicago Community Hospital. On the evening of July 13, 1966, Speck had several drinks at a bar under the rooming house where he was staying. Around 10:30 p.m. he walked the 30-minute walk to the nurses townhouse, entered through a screen door and rounded up the nurses inside. The Crime At first, Speck reassured the young women that all he wanted was money. Then with a gun and a knife, he scared the girls into submission and got them all into one bedroom. He cut strips of bed sheets and bound each of them and began removing one after another to other parts of the townhouse where he murdered them. Two nurses were murdered as they returned home and walked into the mayhem. The girls waiting their turn to die tried to hide under beds but Speck found them all but one. The Victims Pamela Wilkening - Gagged, stabbed through the heart.Gloria Davy - Raped, sexually brutalized, strangled.Suzanne Farris - Stabbed 18 times and strangled.Mary Ann Jordan - Stabbed in the chest, neck, and eye.Nina Schmale - Stabbed in her neck and suffocated.Patricia Matusek - punched resulting in a ruptured liver and strangled.Valentina Paison - Her throat was cut.Merlita Gargullo - Stabbed and strangled. The One Who Survived Corazon Amurao slid under the bed and pushed herself tight against the wall. She heard Speck return to the room. Paralyzed with fear she heard him rape Gloria Davy on the bed above. He then left the room, and Cora knew she was next. She waited hours, fearing his return at any moment. The house was silent. Finally, in the early morning, she pulled herself from underneath the bed and climbed out the window, where she huddled in fear, crying until help came. The Investigation Cora Amurao provided investigators with a description of the killer. They knew he was tall, maybe six feet in height, blond, and had a deep southern accent. Specks appearance and unique accent made it difficult for him to blend into a Chicago crowd. People who encountered him remembered him. This assisted investigators to eventually capturing him. Speck Attempts Suicide Speck found a low-rent hotel that had cell-like rooms for the patrons who were mostly drunks, drug addicts, or insane. When he discovered police knew his identity – his face and name appeared across the front page of the newspapers – he decided to take his life by cutting his wrists and inner elbow with jagged glass. He was found and taken to the hospital. It was there that first-year-resident, Leroy Smith, recognized Speck and called the police. The End of Richard Speck Cora Amurao, dressed as a nurse, entered Specks hospital room and identified him to police as the killer. He was arrested and stood trial for murdering the eight nurses. Speck was found guilty and sentenced to death. The Supreme Court ruled against capital punishment, and his sentence was changed to 50 to 100 years in prison. Speck Dies Speck, age 49, died from a heart attack in prison on December 5, 1991. When he died, he was fat, bloated, with ash-white pockmarked skin and hormone-injected breasts. No family members claimed his remains; he was cremated, and his ashes were thrown in an undisclosed place. Beyond the Grave In May 1996, a videotape sent to news anchor Bill Curtis showed Speck with female-like breasts having sex with a fellow prisoner. He could be seen doing what appeared to be cocaine, and in an interview-like discussion, he answered questions about the murders of the nurses. Speck said he felt nothing about murdering them and that it was just not their night. His old bragging habits returned as he described prison life and added, If they only knew how much fun I was having, theyd turn me loose. Source:The Crime of the Century by Dennis L. Breo and William J. MartinBloodletters and Badmen by Jay Robert Nash

Corporate Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Corporate Communication - Essay Example As these different workers would try to impose their own attitudes and culture on the organisation as well as fellow employees, it could lead a different, uncommon and complex organisational culture, negatively impacting the organisation’s performance. Thus, for organisation to succeed, all its employees have to work in unison without any differences and for that a common, clear and workable organisational culture need to be implemented in the organisation. To implement a common organisational culture, organisations can even go for a organisational change. That is, as it will be difficult to force common organisational only in some segments of the organisation, it would be better, if the organisation goes for organizational change. When the organization does not perform up to expected levels due to culture issues and in other cases wanted to expand or diversify its operations, the management method has to be changed. This is where the concept of organizational change comes into the picture. That is, organizational change constitutes the structured changing or transitioning of employees, departments and the organizations as a whole from a current state to a favourable or desired future state. So, here the main need or necessity for an organisation to change is to implement a common organisational culture, thereby maximize the collective advantages or benefits for all the employees, managers and leaders working for the organization, and thereby maximize the profit and standing of the organization. So, this paper as part of literature review will discuss how implementing a common organisational culture will lead to organizational change and how leaders and managers had to be aware and importantly control these ch anges by case studying Starbucks. When an organization initiates the process of change management, the first main role the leader should perform is build an academically, technically strong and experienced workforce as part of the

Murder Trial and Murder Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Murder Trial and Murder - Case Study Example The Circumstantial evidence that could be deduced was that of Massachusetts State Police chemist Deanna Dygan who in her testimony in the superior court held up the floral underpants of the Rachel stated that blood samples and sperm cells were found in the crotch area. However seminal fluid could not be tested positive. Further, the shirt of Rachel which was covered with blood was found to have sperm cells and three holes out of which two had tested positive to lead which is present due to a gunshot. Finally, it was found that the death of the infant had been caused due to a contact shot. The circumstantial evidence which had been put forward by Dylan was said to be inconclusive and thus was of not much help. The objectivity of the investigation was put into question by the lawyer of Elliot Weinstein who put in the relevant evidence that is if prior to or during the investigation Dylan had put in Entwistle’s name in the suspect box on crime scene sheet. Dylan stated in the affirmative on which Elliot stated that this had affected the investigation procedure. Further, he argued that the bullet wound had not been found at the crime scene and had been found during the autopsy, a vital element not noticed during the investigation of the crime scene. Finally when Weinstein asked if the bullet trajectory had been carried out which was answered in the negative by Dylan. The relevant evidence which had been established in the specific case led to the establishment of the fact that Dylan had been led to believe that Neil Entwistle the possible suspect was the culprit. and so a biased opinion had been possibly established by the chemist. The direct evidence that was provided was that by Drugan, the senior chemist in the state police crime lab's arson and explosives unit who stated that the residue of gun primer was found only on the hands of Rachel. He went on to say that quite a few items of the BMW had been tested at the airport and it was deduced that neither the steering wheel, keys and a shirt had all been found to be negative when the tests for the gun primer had been carried out. Further eleven knives had been tested for the knife block but all came negative. The direct evidence that had been provided for by Drugan was in itself a bit inconclusive which led to a stronger case being established for the possible suspect. Further the items that had been tested had strengthened the case of the husband of Rachel. The testimonial evidence was provided by Trooper Stephen Walsh who is a member of the fire arms identification unit. He provided that he had tested a bullet which had been removed from the body of the victim Rachel's chest and had further removed two fragments of bullets.

LVMH strategic analysis :: essays research papers

Challenge statement: â€Å"Despite worldwide softness in the sale of luxury goods, LVMH has cemented its position as the world’s largest and most profitable player in the category. To stay there it must keep its customers loyal and its brand strong and find new markets worldwide† (Hazlett C. 2004). That is why in its mission they state to represent the most refined qualities of Western â€Å" art de vivre† all around the world. Their objective is to be the leader in the luxury market, continuing to transmit elegance and creativity. This poses some major challenges, the main one is to keep being the leader in the luxury market through a sustainable growth. The main problem to achieve it is the high dependency on three main countries, France, Japan and USA. This becomes a threat because if there is an economic downturn in one country it affects LVMH directly that is why. ANALYSIS Financial analysis. LVMH founds itself in a stable financial situation. Being positioned as the market leader they have better financial results than the rest of the competitors. Although the sales results for 2004 were under the industry’s average the overall performance over the last 5 years was 3% higher then the industry. It is important to note that the major owner of the company’s capital is present CEO Bernard Arnault with 47.52% of the control of the company with 64% of voting rights. This may have an Important impact in the overall performance and operating decision taken in the company. Marketing system After a 4 P analysis of the company one found that it found itself in a luxury market where product quality and constant innovation are key points for the success. That is why the production process and its design can take even months. Product line is extensive however it is only conformed of high priced products. Price in this case is a guarantee of the quality present in the product. Moreover, high pricing represent an element of differentiation that the customer appreciates. However this is not a setback, LVMH has managed to have world wide presence and success. To accomplish it its selective retailing division is of high importance. Nevertheless, promotion posses the major challenge since its through this that the image of the product its transmitted that is why the company poses a major part of its budget in this section. It is Important to note that the percentage allocated is higher than those of most competitors.

A Rose for Emily Summary

Faulkner beautifully illustrates the morbid parallelism between Emily’s father and the house that imprisoned her. Both were controlled and manipulated by the very being that would eventually destroy them. Faulkner strategically places the home of the Grierson’s, on what was once consider a prestigious street in the crumbling, overcrowded town of Jefferson. Here, both monuments of the past are forced to maintain a dignified facade of sanity among an ever-changing society. There are two interpretations to be made in understanding the motive and meaning behind Emily murdering Homer Barron, in â€Å"A Rose for Emily†. The first motive deals with the personal revenge Emily seeks towards her father, the second being towards the town of Jefferson who scrutinized her and critically analyzed everything she did. The death of Emily’s father set in motion a diabolically evil scheme to seek the ultimate revenge on the patriarchal society of Jefferson, which controlled and ultimately claimed her sanity. Her revenge began with her father whom she hated for denying her the privilege of having a normal and successful woman’s life. Emily’s hatred began to fester within the depths of her soul as a young child, dominated by a father who concluded that no male figure was good enough to inherit the status of courting or marrying a Grierson. Emily became emotionally tormented by the very thought of being a spinster and having no other male figure to love, besides her controlling father. The growing resentment continued as she became older and perspective suitor’s appeared at the front door, ultimately to be chased away with a horsewhip. Although the violence is apparently outward-the upraised horsewhip against the would be suitor- the real object of it is the woman-daughter, forced into the background and dominated by the phallic figure of the spraddled father whose back is turned on her and who prevents her from getting out at the same time that he prevents them, suitors, from getting in. † (560). Emily was a caged animal, imprisoned by her controlling father, in a circus whose master manipulate s all of the animals’ movements, emotions, and physical appearance by a carefully illustrated system of rewards and punishments. Emily’s’ rewards, according to her father, was that she be portrayed to the towns people as â€Å"a slender figure in white† too pure for the stains of any human being to corrupt what he, the father, masterfully created. Emily’s punishment was that she would eventually be revered as an untouchable figure who’s every action or movement would be analyzed by the town of Jefferson. It wasn’t until that fateful day, the death of her father, when Emily was finally able to outwardly express her revenge upon the very first male who suppressed her emotionally and physically, by not giving him the proper burial a Grierson deserved. Instead, she was able to experience, first hand, the feeling of triumph over watching her so-called beloved father rot before her very eyes, the sweet revenge of a twisted character. Emily cleverly denied to the town’s people that her father died in order to secretly express her future intention of revenge towards the town of Jefferson by not letting them, the residents, immediately dispose of his decrypted and decaying body. â€Å"She told them that her father was not dead. She did that for three days, with the minister calling on her, and the doctors, trying to persuade her to let them dispose of the body. Just as they were about to resort to law and force, she broke down, and they buried her father quickly. †(27). â€Å"Because she is Miss Emily Grierson, the town invests her with that communal significance which makes her the object of their obsession and subject of their incessant scrutiny†¦ the town is able to impose a particular code of behavior and to see her in failure to live up to that code an excuse for interfering in her life. (560). The result of the towns interfering adds fuel to her fire to seek the revenge for interfering in her life and being so critical of every movement that she makes. The most significant diabolically evil plan Emily sought was the revenge on the patriarchy society of Jefferson, which no one would be able to comprehend the magnitude of the murder of Homer Barron. After the death of her father, the townsme n felt pity for her and claimed that leaving her the decrypted; decaying housing structure was a way of knocking her off the pedestal and becoming more humanized. The patriarchal society outwardly expressed their need to watch over and care for the lonely spinster who they concluded incapable of providing for her financially. Colonel Satoris, the eldest patriarch of Jefferson, fabricated a story to justify why the town remitted her taxes, claiming that it was from a financial loan her father provided for the town many years ago. The motive for the murder of Homer Barron was for Emily, on her deathbed, to gain the last laugh at a town that scrutinized and critiqued her yet never came to understand why she acted and lived as she did. Another motive for the murder of Homer Barron was to prove to the patriarchal society of Jefferson that even though she, Emily, could not â€Å"persuade him to marry her† (535). Due to his perversions, she may still succeed in controlling Homer if her were dead. No one would be able to take that secret love she had for Homer away even though he would never reciprocate it the same way because of his alternative lifestyle. Homo Homer was an embarrassment to Emily, because for the first time ever she was free love someone, and he turned out to love young men more than women. This humanizes Emily even more and in turn it helps explode the decades of manipulation and control she receives at the hands of her father. She had a perfect plan; no one in the town of Jefferson would ever believe that Emily, being a real lady â€Å"to forget noblesse oblige—without calling it noblesse oblige† (535). â€Å"Emily is exempted from general indictment because she is a real lady-that is, eccentric, slightly crazy, obsolete, a â€Å"stubborn and coquettish decay†, absurd but indulged; â€Å"dear, inescapable, impervious, tranquil, and perverse†; indeed, anything and everything but human. (561). Who would believe she would have murdered someone in order to have their love. â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is taken from a morbidly crepitated point of view where an author obviously is hiding many deep dark secrets within his past without bluntly coming out and exposing it to the rest of society. Faulkner disguises his own tragedies from his past t hrough the story to give himself a sense of personal release from his own personal bondage. â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is utilized as a clever way for William Faulkner to disguise his own slide from sanity.

Cell Membranes Of Proteins And Proteins Essay - 1707 Words

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Cell membranes of eukaryotes are complex structures, comprised of a highly regulated heterologous distribution of lipids and proteins (Hanada, 2010). This distribution is determined to some extent by the location and topology of lipid synthases, and results from the trafficking of proteins and lipids (Hanada, 2010). Within the cell, transport vesicles and tubules mediate trafficking by loading desired sets of proteins at one organelle and delivering them to the subsequent (Hanada, 2010; Kumagai et al., 2005). Lipid influx routes such as the endocytosis of membrane lipids add further to the diversity (Hanada, 2010). The result is an asymmetric distribution of protein and lipid types across the membrane bilayer (Hanada, 2010). Ceramides are an example of a family of cellular lipids (Yasuda et al., 2001). Ceramides are synthesised at the endoplasmic reticulum from precursor compounds and are transported to the Golgi apparatus for conversion into one of the several sphingolipids (Yasuda et al., 2001). The transport of such compounds is highly selective if not specific (Kumagai et al., 2005; Yasuda et al., 2001). Inhibiting transport is a useful tool in investigating the role of substrates (Yasuda et al., 2001) and makes an attractive target for biochemical manipulation of the cell (Ueno et al., 2001). Intracellular trafficking of ceramides is highly regulated. Two ceramide transport pathways have been identified (Kumagai et al., 2005). The first isShow MoreRelatedCell Membranes Of Proteins And Proteins Essay2060 Words   |  9 PagesChapter One - Introduction Cell membranes of eukaryotes are complex in structure, comprised of a highly regulated heterologous distribution of lipids and proteins (Hanada, 2010). 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